![]() Therefore, atmospheric pressure must be added to gauge pressures to convert them to an absolute basis. The universal gas constant in practical units isįor economic reasons, most (but not all) pressure gauges read zero pressure when pressure is equal to the ambient atmospheric pressure. The basis of gas PVT behavior is the ideal gas law, and by extension the real gas law: Pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) behavior Retrograde systems require more-complex calculations using equations of state (EOSs) and other advanced engineering methods. The only issue is whether there is a sufficient volume of produced liquid to be considered in such calculations as material balance or wellbore hydraulics. For both wet and dry gases, reservoir engineering calculations are based on a single-phase reservoir gas. While the difference between retrograde-condensate and wet gases is notable, there is much less distinction between wet and dry gases. A somewhat arbitrary cutoff liquid yield of 10 STB/MMscf is sometimes used to distinguish dry-gas reservoirs. 3), resulting in little or no liquid production at the surface. In a dry-gas reservoir, the cricondentherm is much lower than the reservoir temperature ( Fig. Wet-gas reservoirs generally produce liquids with gravities similar to those for retrograde condensates, but with yields less than approximately 20 STB/MMscf. ![]() Wet-gas reservoirs can always be treated as containing single-phase gas in the reservoir, while retrograde-condensate reservoirs may not. However, the term "condensate reservoir" should be applied only to situations in which condensate is actually formed in the reservoir because of retrograde behavior. The term "condensate" is often applied to any light hydrocarbon liquid produced from a gas well. Considerable liquid can still form (condense) at surface conditions or even in the wellbore. Therefore, a liquid phase never forms in the reservoir. In a wet-gas reservoir, temperature is higher than the cricondentherm ( Fig.
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